How to Set Up Firewalla Crystal on Custom Hardware

• Crystal SE is made for IT, Networking, home-lab, cyber security professionals.
• Crystal Pro (coming up 2027) will have some business functions beyond the Crystal SE

In this guide, we'll walk through setting up Firewalla Crystal SE on Custom Hardware (Bare Metal).

• For VMware, see: How to Set Up Firewalla Crystal on VMware ESXi
• For Proxmox, see: How to Set Up Firewalla Crystal on Proxmox Virtual Environment (PVE)

What You'll Need:

• A Firewalla MSP account that owns a Crystal ready for provisioning. 
• Firewalla MSP 2.12 or later.
• A dual- or quad-port generic hardware device to use as Firewalla Crystal.
• A USB drive with at least 8 GB of space for the install file.
• A system (Windows, Mac, or Linux) to flash the software to the USB drive.

"Crystal" Hardware Minimum Requirements:

• 2 CPU cores (x86 architecture)
• 4 GB (4096 MB) memory
• 32 GB of storage
• 2 Ethernet interfaces (See Network Cards Supported by Firewalla Crystal)
• Must boot from USB or an alternate flash drive

How to set up Crystal on Custom Hardware:

• STEP 0: Order a Firewalla Crystal
• STEP 1: Set Up Network Profile
• STEP 2: Download Software
• STEP 3: Flash Device
  • Configure Device BIOS Boot Priority
  • Begin Flashing
• STEP 4: Go Live
• Troubleshooting
• Reset and Restore

STEP 0: Order a Firewalla Crystal

• If you are already an MSP owner, go to your MSP Portal 
  • Go to firewalla.net/crystal, select your Crystal Type and Billing Cycle, then check out. 
• If you don't have an MSP plan, sign up at firewalla.net and sign in there. (No need to purchase an MSP plan first — we'll set up your MSP when you buy a Crystal.)
  • Go to firewalla.net/crystal, select your Crystal Type and Billing Cycle, then check out. 
• After checkout, the page will show a Start Provisioning button. Click it to begin Zero-Touch Provisioning.
  

• From the MSP management UI, you can also click the Provision button on the banner to start.

   

STEP 1: Set Up Network Profile

From Firewalla MSP's Zero-Touch Provisioning, set up your network profile and hardware.

Select the hardware that closely matches your Device Type, then click Next.

• Typically, this would be Generic x86 (auto-detect)
• For Other, please enter the device brand, model, and number of ports.

Select your WAN Connection and LAN IP address, then click Generate Personalized Software. 

STEP 2: Download Software

Download the software image.

Prepare your USB drive.

• We recommend etcher.io or Raspberry Pi Imager for your flashing program.
  • If you use Raspberry Pi Imager, choose "No filtering" for Device, choose “Use custom” to select the image.
• Flash the image you just downloaded to a USB Drive. 

STEP 3: Flash Device

Configure Device BIOS Boot Priority

Once your USB drive is flashed with the Crystal image, it's time to flash your hardware.

1. Make sure your hardware device is powered off, then plug the USB drive into a USB port on your device.
2. Connect the device's WAN port to a router or switch with DHCP enabled. 
   • An active internet connection is required for flashing. If you wish to connect this device to your modem with PPPoE or a static IP, the provisioner will guide you to rewire in step 4. 
   • If there is no dedicated WAN port, use any Ethernet port, and the provisioner will set it up as WAN.
   • For example, we used ETH0 on our custom hardware to set it as WAN. For Crystal SE, this will bridge ETH1, ETH2, and ETH3 into a single LAN.
     
      
3. Make sure your device can boot from USB before continuing. You may need to configure the BIOS to change the boot priority.
   1. Connect a monitor and keyboard to your device.
   2. Power on the device.
   3. Immediately open the BIOS Setup. The hotkey depends on your hardware (usually ESC, DEL, or F2). 
   4. Navigate to "Boot" or "Boot Priority" on the BIOS menu. If your USB drive is not listed as position #1, please move it. The BIOS menu will typically display which keys to use to move the Boot Options.
      
      For example, our custom hardware has [UEFI: Samsung Flash...] as Boot Option #3. To fix it, we would select Boot Option #1 and change it to the Samsung Flash drive.
      
       
   5. Save your changes and exit BIOS. The device will now boot from USB.
      

Begin Flashing

The provisioner will wait for the device to connect before it continues to flash the device. The Firewalla-provisioner flash console will display the current progress.

While flashing the device, check the monitor display of the device. If the provisioner doesn't show any progress, the monitor display can tell you what's happening in the background.

• The progress shown on the provisioner screen may be slightly delayed. If the provisioner doesn't show any flashing progress, or it shows that the download may take a few hours, please check that the monitor display shows the current transfer speed. It may take a minute or two for it to update with the correct estimated download time.
• Another example issue is “no cable on any Ethernet port detected”. This can typically indicate an issue with the WAN connection itself. 

See Troubleshooting for more details.

STEP 4: Go Live

Your hardware is now running Firewalla Crystal. To move it to your network:

1. Power off the device and unplug the USB drive.
2. If you plan to move Firewalla Crystal to a different location, unplug the Ethernet cable from the device to the upstream router and connect it to your cable/fiber modem, if using it as your main router. Otherwise, you can keep the Ethernet cable as is. The port used during provisioning will be the WAN port.
3. Before powering on your Crystal, please power off your modem, wait 5 min, then turn it back on. This will force your modem to forget the previous router. 
4. Power on the Crystal device.

Then, click Continue to finish the setup. After the Crystal is online, you can use your Firewalla App to scan the QR code on the screen to pair with the device. You can also do this later, or pair it with other phones in Inventory -> Mobile Access.

Click Get Started to begin managing your Firewalla on MSP.

Troubleshooting

Network Connection Issue

• Open the self-diagnostic page https://diag.firewalla.com/ in a browser on your phone or computer on the same network that your box is connected to. Make sure your local network can pass all tests in the "Services used by Firewalla" section. These services are required for Firewalla to function. 

[Step 2] Failed to flash ISO with etcher

• There is a known issue with etcher 2.1.7 where the error: "(0 , h.requestMetadata) is not a function" may show up when trying to flash an ISO to USB. This is an Etcher bug, and you may use version 2.1.6 or another flasher tool (such as Raspberry Pi Imager) as a workaround: https://github.com/balena-io/etcher/releases/tag/v2.1.6

[Step 3] Waiting for device to connect (takes more than 5 minutes)

• Check that the BIOS is configured to boot from the flashed USB drive. You may need to power-cycle the device to enter the BIOS. Pay attention to the monitor display on your device and press the hotkey to enter BIOS. The hotkey depends on your hardware (usually ESC, DEL, or F2). 

[Step 3] Flashing failed. Check the power and network cable connections, then restart provisioning. 

• The hardware device may not be fully powered on. Double-check the power cables.
• The hardware device may not have an active internet connection. Double-check that the Ethernet port is connected to a device with a DHCP function.
• Restart provisioning will let you generate the image and start the process again. 

[Step 3] Ethernet port or cable not being detected by the system

• Double-check that the Ethernet port is connected to a device with DHCP function. Depending on the hardware, the device may have lights on the Ethernet port to indicate link activity.

[Step 4] Waiting to Come Online (takes more than 5-6 minutes)

• Check the monitor display on your device. If it shows "no internet," double-check that the Ethernet cable is securely connected on both ends and the upstream network is active.
• If using a modem, try turning it off for ~5 minutes, then turn it back on. 

Reset and Restore

If you wish to wipe out the existing device you've provisioned and move to different hardware, or if it has run into a problem you can't recover from, you can reset your Crystal via the MSP UI. 

Reset a Crystal:

1. In the MSP UI, go to Inventory and open the Crystal's Settings.
2. Scroll to the bottom and click Reset This Crystal.
3. Enter your email address to confirm.

Reset erases all configuration on the device. After a reset, no Firewalla controls or services will be available until it is provisioned again.

Provision again and restore:

Once the reset is complete, the Crystal is ready to be provisioned. In Inventory, click Provision, then follow the on-screen steps. Because this Crystal has been set up before, you'll be asked to choose:

• Restore from backup — restores the configuration and data from the previous setup.
• Set up as new — starts with a clean configuration.